Fuel oil space heater



Oct. 2, 1951 R Q DENSEL 2,570,049

FUEL OIL SPACE HEATER Filed July 14, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEYS Oct. 2, 1951 R. c. DENSEL 2,570,049

FUEL Q'IL SPACE HEATER Filed July 14, 1947 2 sheets-sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

JUZQ C elzsei,

Patented Oct. 2, 195-1 UNITED STATES NPATENT OFFICE Robert C. Densel, Convoy, Ohio Application July 14, 1947, Serial No. 760,824

' This invention relates to fuel oil space heaters.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel oil burning heater which is less expensive to operate than standard oil burners and which is adaptable to flue and draft conditions under which the standard burners cannot operate.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a fuel oil heater which will burn heavy furnace oils without producing soot and carbon.

It is another object of lthe present invention to provide a space heater wherein the mixing of the air and fuel oil is made at the bottom of the large central vessel so that intense heat will be generated at the bottom of the same whereby to provide a large body of the flame throughout substantially the entire height of the central receptacle.

Other objects of the present invention are to provide a heavy fuel oil space heater which is of simple construction, easy to be controlled, inexpensive to manufacture and ecient in operation.

For other objects and for a better understandlng of the invention, reference may be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view, in elevation, of my fuel oil space heater showing the central chamber and various conduits for conducting air thereto and the controls therefor.

Figs. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views taken respectively on lines 2--2 and 3 3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary and enlarged crosssectional view taken of the bottom end of the central air inlet pipe extending to the bottom of the re vessel.

Referring now to the figures, I represents a furnace casing in the bottom of vwhich is a fire pot or vessel II. The vessel I I is suspended from an inwardly extending flange I2 having an opening I3 of less diameter than the diameter of the vessel II. Removed from the casing I0 is a fuel oil tank I4 having an inlet pipe I5 which extends to the exterior of an outer enclosure I6. From the bottom of the fuel tank there extends an outlet pipe II with a valve I8 therein adapted to deliver a controlled amount of fuel oil to the bottom of vessel or pot II. The vessel II has its walls perforated as indicated at I9. Intermediate the height of the vessel II is a ring 2I which serves as a balile for the flame which leaves the bottom of the Vessel I I. Some air will enter the vessel through the perforations I9 above the baille ring 2I and other air will enter the vessel through perforations 22 located below the ring 2|. About the vessel II is an air chamber 23 into which air is delivered through a large pipe 24 having a `damper valve 25 therein. When the chamber 23 is being supplied entirely through the pipe 24, the heater will be operated by natural draft, with the air entering the enclosure IB through openings in the wall thereof.

A central air delivery tube 26 extends upward- 1y from the bottom of the vessel I I, radially across 3 claims. (C1. 126-94) the top ofthe casinglll and thence downwardly for connection with the top of air delivery pipe 24. The bottom end of the pipe 26 has holes 2l inclined downwardly and outwardly as shown clearly in Fig. 4 whereby to direct a flow of hot air onto the surface of the oil contained in the bottom of the Vessel II. This air descending pipe 26 is thoroughly heated by the flames leaving the pot through opening I3 of the plate I2. Flames pass upwardly about the pipe 26 and over transversely extending pipes 28 through which exterior air is circulated from the sides of the casing. Above two of these pipes 28 is a baffle 29 for causing a lateral movement of the flames and products of combustion before entering chimney pipe 3l. This pipe 3| passes outwardly through the outer casing II and upwardly. An opening 32 is provided on the side of the casing I0 through which access can be had to the casing I0 for the purpose of cleaning the interior thereof. A cover 33 is secured to this opening.

On the exterior portion 0f the pipe 26 there is connected an air delivery pipe 34 through which air will be extended under pressure by means of an electrically driven air fan 35.

By having the holes 2l of the hot air tube 26 drilled at an angle, hot air will be 'caused to wash over the oil in the bottom of the pot causing a fastener and more thorough evaporation of the oil and to produce a Vapor which will quickly and thoroughly mix with the incoming air from the perforations I9 and 22 in the side wall of the vessel II. This will make a clean burning and highly eicient mixture. This feature alone adds considerably to the eiiiciency of the heater.

When the chimney draft is being used alone, the damper 25 which is balanced remains in the position as shown in Fig. 1 to permit the entrance of air through the pipe 24 to the chamber 23.

When the fan or blower 35 is started, damper 25 closes automatically since the air blast strikes the edge of the damper upon descending downwardly through the exterior portion of the pipe 26. Air pressure builds up instantly whereby to hold the damper closed until the blower 35 stops. At that time the damper will open linmediately and the chimney draft will take over the operation of the burner.

In the exterior portion of the pipe 26 are respectively manually operated dampers 3l and 38 rotated respectively at opposite sides of the blower tube 34 and its connection with the exterior portion of the pipe 26. Control knobs 40 and 4I are located on the exterior casing I6 and are connected respectively with the dampers 31 and 38 to operate the same. When using the blower 35 any atmospheric condition or size of iiue can be compensated for by these dampers. To increase the force of air, the dampers are adjusted to closed positions. When the dampers are opened, outside air is utilized. Each damper is adjusted until a clean and lively name is had without vane 42 which automatically operates chimney damper 43.v When the blower cuts off, the chim-vv ney damper 43 is moved to a wide open position.

Accordingly the blower 35 serves not only' to vides power to operate damper 43. The vane 42 is connected to the damper 43 by linkage 44.

The aluminum vane42 completelyobstructsthe path of the air from the blower Y35:-v Asftheair blast strikes the vane, the vane is lifted to the top ofthe pipe 3'4 and remains in that position until the blower stops. ln rising, the vane 42 -lifts `the vlinkage 44 to partially close'damper 43 so that only -a small opening between it and thepipe3l remains. This is a principal feature of the invention. The heater is accordingly automatically made adapted to all ue andair conditions and the. high heat loss up the flue is not present. Since the blower furnishes all the airI needed to feed the re, a strong chimney draft is unnecessary. Without therautom'aticrdamper 43 which is closed when the `blower isused, a high heat loss up the chimney would result. An ordinary draft regulator may be provided in 'the chimney' 3` above the damperd3'-as indicated ath45. A, u

While various changesinay be madein the detail. cons truction,it shall be understood that such changes shall be within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

l. In an oil burning furnace, the combination which comprises' a substantially enclosed casing having a. stack connection at the upper end, spaced transversely .disposed h'otnair flues extended through the upper part of the casing, .and a sleeve vextended lfromran opening ,in the lower part of the casing providing an air intake, a fire pot havinga perforated wall spaced from the casing and having a centrally disposed opening in the upper end, means for supplying fuel to the fire ,D Ot, a blower positioned atone side yoff the casing, means connected to the discharge of the blower forming an air chamber, conduit means connecting the air chamber .with the lower sleeve providing the air inlet tube, and an air tube extended from ,said air chamber upward on the outside of the casing and downward through the center of the casing and into the re pot through the opening in the upper end thereof, said hot air tube having openings therein spaced fromrthe lower end thereof for discharge of air over the surfaces of fuel in the re pot for facilitating vaporization of the fuel. e

r2. vIn an oil burning furnace, the lcombination which comprises a substantiallyenclosed casing having a stack connection at theV upper end, spaced transversely disposed hot air tubes extended through theupper part of the casing and a sleeve extended from `an opening in dthe lower `part of the casing providing an air hitake, a hre pot having a perforated wall spaced from the casing and having a horizontally disposedbaffle .therein intermediate of the height thereof' and with the baiile provided with a centrally positioned openinga horizontally disposed plateex- .tending `from vthe `casing. over the upper Yend of `the iire pot and having a centrally disposed-open- .ing thereinlmeans` for supplying fuel oil to the flrepot, a blower positioned at one .side of" the casing, means connected to theld'ischarge ofthe blower .forming an air chamber, conduit means connectingthegair chamber withthe lower sleeve providing' the air inlet tube, an inverted U-shaped tube extendedrfrom said air chamber upward on trally Ad'is'pcised opening of the horizontally posi- Ationed plate, the inner end of said tube having openings therein spaced from the lower end and inclined downwardly for discharging air over the surfaceoffthe Vcillin the .pot for facilitating volatilization ofthe oil. Y Y u Y 3, In an oil `burning furnace, the combination f which comprises a substantially enclosedrcasirg having a stack connection at theupper end, spaced transversely disposedrhot air tubes exend, a damper in Vthe said stack connection, a re pothaving a perforated wallspaced from thecasing .and having a horizontally disposed baiiie therein intermediate of the height thereof and with the lbaileY provided with a centrally posit-ioned-opening, a horizontally' disposed plate eirtending .from the casing over the upper end of the nre pot and having a centrally disposed opening therein, means for supplying fuel oil -to .the firepo-t, -a blower positioned yat one side of the casing, means connected to the discharge of the .blower for forming an- 4air chamber, a baille pivotally mounted on the blower and positioned in .the said air chambenrneans connecting thefbalile to the damperof the stack connection whereby pressure from the blower actuatesthe damper to the substantially closed position, conduit means connecting the blower discharge chamber with theY lower airin-let connection, a valve in the `said conduitrneans, an inverted U-shaped tube extended from said air chamber upward -on the outside of the casing .and downward through the center thereof with the inner end positioned in .the fire pot and extended through the centrally disposed opening of the .horizontally positioned plate, thejinner endorsaid tube having openings therein spaced from the lower end and inclined downwardly for discharging air over the surface of the vcil in the pot for facilitating volatilization ROBERT C. DENSEL;

v VZENC'SCITED' e '.'Ilhe .following .references are of .recordtin the file of .this patent:

`UN Iffrnn STATES PATENTS 

